内装式空射运载火箭重力出舱机箭耦合动力学分析

研究了以运输机为平台的内装式运载火箭空射过程载机和火箭的耦合动力学建模。建模针对两个阶段：第一阶段，火箭固定于载机机舱内，两者构成一个整体，按照普通刚体的力学方法处理；第二阶段，火箭解锁后，沿着舱内的发射筒向外滑行，载机和火箭形成两刚体相互作用的耦合系统，基于牛顿-欧拉法建立系统动力学模型。载机在空射火箭过程中，油门和升降舵满偏，在加速前飞的同时拉大姿态俯仰角，火箭在自身重力分量和惯性力的作用下，沿着机舱内的发射筒加速向外滑行，直至与载机分离。数值仿真分析了空射过程载机的重要力学参数的变化过程，验证了载机操控策略的可行性和安全性，可为未来中国空射运载火箭技术设计提供数据参考。     

Effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of brush-labyrinth seals at various operating conditions

Over the last few decades, the research on the effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of the brush-labyrinth seals is not sufficient. To this end, two kinds of brush-labyrinth seals for the bristle pack element installed upstream of the labyrinth teeth named BSU and installed downstream of the labyrinth teeth called BSD were used to investigate the effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of the brush-labyrinth seals. Using the numerical model combining the porous medium model and the whirling rotor method, the rotordynamic characteristics of the BSU and BSD at various operating conditions including four kinds of pressure ratios, five kinds of inlet preswirl speeds and four kinds of rotor spinning speeds were conducted. The obtained results show that the effects of operating conditions on rotordynamic coefficients for the different seal configurations are different. The direct stiffness, cross-coupled stiffness and direct damping of the BSU are lower than those of the BSD. The rotordynamic coefficients of the BSU are more insensitive to the operating conditions variation. From the perspective of the seal stability, the BSU is a better brush-labyrinth seal configuration at high pressure ratio, high positive preswirl or high rotor spinning speed conditions. While in the case of low pressure ratio, low positive preswirl or low rotor spinning speed conditions, the BSD is a better choice.     

A progressive approach to predict shot peening process parameters for forming integral panel of Al7050-T7451

In this paper, a progressive approach to predict the multiple shot peening process parameters for complex integral panel is proposed. Firstly, the invariable parameters in the forming process including shot size, mass flow, peening distance and peening angle are determined according to the empirical and machine type. Then, the optimal value of air pressure for the whole shot peening is selected by the experimental data. Finally, the feeding speed for every shot peening path is predicted by regression equation. The integral panel part with thickness from 2 mm to 5 mm and curvature radius from 3200 mm to 16000 mm is taken as a research object, and four experiments are conducted. In order to design specimens for acquiring the forming data, one experiment is conducted to compare the curvature radius of the plate and stringer-structural specimens, which were peened along the middle of the two stringers. The most striking finding of this experiment is that the outer shape error range is below 3.9%, so the plate specimens can be used in predicting feeding speed of the integral panel. The second experiment is performed and results show that when the coverage reaches the limit of 80%, the minimum feeding speed is 50 mm/s. By this feeding speed, the forming curvature radius of the specimens with different thickness from the third experiment is measured and compared with the research object, and the optimal air pressure is 0.15 MPa. Then, the plate specimens with thickness from 2 mm to 5 mm are peened in the fourth experiment, and the measured curvature radius data are used to calculate the feeding speed of different shot peening path by regressive analysis method. The algorithm is validated by forming a test part and the average deviation is 0.496 mm. It is shown that the approach can realize the forming of the integral panel precisely.     

机载托架自动校准系统的设计与实现

为了解决机载托架传统校准方法精度低、耗时、费力等问题,设计了一种高精度、高效率并且操作简单的成品托架自动校准系统。该系统运用调平精度较高的"循环多次"最高点不动调平方法,建立高精度机载托架校准的静力学数学模型,运用VC与Matlab的COM接口编程技术开发机载托架自动校准系统,并建立良好的人机交互界面。试验结果表明,利用该方法对机载托架进行校准,无论是校准精度还是校准效率都较传统方法有很大提高。     

反推力装置运动学与动力学仿真

为了研究叶栅式反推力装置各部件在工作过程中的运动学与动力学特性,根据机构运动原理对反推力装置进行简化并建立了运动学与动力学数学模型。以滑动整流罩位移与阻流门所受气动负荷为输入进行运动学与动力学仿真,得到了反推力装置各部件的位移、速度及受力特性曲线,并对比分析了在不同尺寸参数下各部件特征点的运动轨迹和反推力装置负载力变化。结果表明:运动学及动力学仿真结果与工程实际相符；反推力装置机构参数选择不合理时,各设计点会发生干涉现象并导致机构无法运动;机构参数变化对负载力最大值影响尤为突出,在阻流门AC段长度值增大6%,阻流门CB段长度值减小9%的情况下,负载力正向最大值将增大19.53%,负向最大值增大12.67%。研究方法及研究结果可为反推力装置运动学及动力学分析,以及为反推力装置机构优化设计提供参考。      

AP聚类改进免疫算法用于航空发动机故障诊断

在免疫算法训练过程中引入近邻传播(AP)聚类与熵权法,对训练样本进行聚类与权值计算,将权值引入免疫算法中样本选择阈值的计算,以解决训练过程采用固定选择阈值所造成的检测器在部分区域过拟合,部分区域欠拟合的问题。结果表明:改进的免疫算法用于典型非线性函数的寻优时,迭代性能均优于传统免疫算法,并在大部分情况下优于粒子群算法与量子遗传算法,在进行某型发动机故障诊断的实例实验时,改进后的算法的诊断准确率达到98.06%,高于传统免疫算法的92.60%。      

多臂空间机器人的视觉伺服与协调控制

针对多臂空间机器人自主目标抓捕任务，首先建立多臂空间机器人的运动模型和其与目标的相对运动模型，采用Kane方法建立多臂空间机器人的动力学模型；其次，研究基于视觉伺服的机械臂在线轨迹规划算法，并引入零反作用机动，消除机械臂运动对平台姿态的扰动；再次，在不使用零反作用机动功能时，分别使用基于角动量前馈补偿的协调控制算法和逆动力学方法设计了协调控制器，在机械臂运动时保持平台姿态和相对目标的位置。最后，开发了基于Matlab的仿真软件MASS（多臂空间机器人仿真），仿真结果校验了上述方法的有效性。     

PBT弹性体微相分离及对其力学性能的影响研究

为了获得微相分离对宽温PBT叠氮聚醚弹性体力学性能的影响规律,用红外光谱分析法(FT-IR)和动态热力学分析法(DMA)研究了PBT叠氮聚醚弹性体产生微相分离的机理和影响因素。用调节硬段含量、交联参数的方法调控其微相分离,控制适当的微相分离程度可显著改善推进剂的力学性能。研究结果表明:在二元醇扩链的弹性体体系中,当硬段含量约为15%时,弹性体发生相对最大比例的微相分离,体现出较佳的综合力学性能。通过微相分离的调控可获得宽温范围内综合力学性能较好的叠氮聚醚推进剂用粘合剂基体材料。     

基于变马赫数的五孔探针三维插值方法

探讨了五孔探针气动数据的插值方法,为提高插值精度,开发了基于传统线性插值法的三维线性插值法。该方法把同一探针在不同马赫数下的校准图形成三维数据库,将实验数据通过三维图进行插值。并使用改进前后的两种插值方法分别对校准风洞测得的数据进行整理,对比结果证明:在实验工况连续变化的情况下,三维线性插值法在插值精度上要优于传统线性插值法。特别是在来流马赫数变化较大时,该方法可以改善单一校准文件处理造成的数据精度问题,可用于自动化流场采集系统,为流场高速高精度采集奠定基础。     

ADI方法求解完全跨声速非定常小扰动方程

本文修改了Whitlow的ADI格式,以便求解另一变形的完全跨声速小扰动方程。本文给出的NACA64A006和NACA0012翼型的非定常跨声速流动的计算结果与其它数值结果和实验结果的比较表明本文格式是合理的且便于实际应用的。